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Although bilingual education for indigenous children is guaranteed under the Argentine Constitution, there are only 16 bilingual schools, 10 satellite classrooms, and 15 schools with some indigenous children that are serving more than 80 Mbya communities in Misiones Province. Five of the schools and 3 satellite classrooms are operated by religious groups, with the remaining operated by the provincial government. Many of the teachers do not speak the Mbya language and teach lessons in yopara or Paraguayan Guaraní, which creates difficulties in understanding for the children. Some schools may have a voluntary Indigenous Teaching Assistant to act as a translator, but it is not economically feasible in all of the community schools. In 2006, the Ministry of Education addressed two salient problems in the bilingual schools by requesting that a committee systemize a written record of the Mbya language and develop a bilingual book about the Mbya culture and its people for use in the schools. The construction of this book is still in progress.
The first bilingual school in Misiones Province was established in 1984 by Dr. Luis Honorio Rolón and Angela Sánchez in Fortin Mbororé, and is operated by the provincial government. The school includes a classroom and a cooking area where lunch is prepared for the children. Some of the older school buildings, like in Fortin Mbororé, have infrastructure problems and may not even have electricity or running water. The provincial government, with financial assistance from the Canadian Government, built a new bilingual school in Yryapú in 2007, to replace a temporary school building. However, once construction is completed the school rooms may remain without furniture and supplies for many months. An example is the school built in Kaagui Porá in 2006, where the empty dining hall and kitchen have been converted into workrooms where the men of the village build benches and tables from donated wood and power equipment. Additionally, books, supplies, and other items are sometimes donated to the bilingual schools by area residents and tourists, because the government does not provide enough items for the students.